Showing posts with label crime fiction. Show all posts
Showing posts with label crime fiction. Show all posts

Wednesday, February 18, 2015

Nik Morton, Spanish Eye

I know Nik Morton more as a writer of westerns. His Bullets For a Ballot was reviewed here a while ago. Spanish Eye is something else.

Nik is one of those Brits who left the dark, rainy North for the sunny south coast of Spain, which is where this collection of 22 stories, featuring private investigator Leon Cazador, takes place.

Like Henning Mankell and other writers of euro crime fiction, Morton shares what he’s come to know about crime and the criminal element in Spain, though never painting it as dark as writers of the Scandi-noir school. Against a background of social conditions in modern-day Spain, it’s petty crime mostly, systemic graft, and fraud that find their way to Cazador’s attention. Meanwhile, the menace of organized crime and mafia elements lurks in the shadows.

Wednesday, September 10, 2014

Ed Gorman, Riders on the Storm

Ed Gorman’s new Sam McCain mystery is set in 1971 and reflects some of the civil turbulence of those Vietnam years as they wash over a small Iowa town. 

Plot. A hawkish Senator is trying to ride a waning tide of patriotic enthusiasm to keep himself in office. But his handpicked candidate for a Congressional seat gets murdered after an altercation with a fellow veteran who has made public his opposition to the war.

That John Kerry-sympathizing vet is quickly suspected of the crime by the new sheriff, and the man’s best friend, McCain, has an uphill battle finding evidence of his innocence.  

Time and tide. Gorman remembers the early 70s well (Janis Joplin is heard on the radio at one point singing “Me and Bobby McGee”). The novel is aptly named for the mournful Doors song, “Riders On the Storm,” which recalls the darkly violent and divided mood of a time marked by the growing national ambivalence about Vietnam. He is also a sharp observer of small-town politics and social distinctions.

The portrayal of women in the novel does much to fix its particular point in social history. Whether wives, lovers, or others, they are mostly untouched by the feminist creeds that came to dominate public discourse about gender roles in the years that followed. Gorman shows them as attractive and sexy, reliant on the men in their lives, homemakers and loving mothers of small children.

Ed Gorman
Two, however, emerge as professional women, one of them McCain’s own girl Friday, bracingly independent and unapologetically resourceful. Another seems able to blend marriage and career, though we don’t learn quite everything a candid review would reveal about her until well after she gets involved in McCain’s attempts to rescue his falsely accused friend.

While Gorman does not necessarily endorse it, there is much of the 1970s indulgence in extramarital sex, booze, and other pastimes that had a generation smugly confident in themselves because they were under 30. But you can feel the earth shifting under McCain’s feet as the 1960s recede into the hazy distance behind him.

Wrapping up. This is an enjoyable novel that has as much fun capturing the time and place of its setting as puzzling over the clues pointing to the solution of the mystery it poses. Whether westerns or crime fiction, you know you’re in good hands with Ed Gorman. I recommend this one.

Riders on the Storm is currently available in print and ebook formats at amazon and Barnes&Noble.

Further reading/viewing:

Image credits:
Author’s photo, amazon.com

Coming up: Max Evans, Bobby Jack Smith You Dirty Coward!


Friday, August 29, 2014

James Lee Burke, Heartwood

Totally deconstruct F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby; swap around the characters; add drugs and some Native American magical realism; make the narrator a former Texas Ranger; set the story in the hill country west of San Antonio, and you will have something close to this crime novel from the fertile mind of James Lee Burke.

It even ends with a dead body in a swimming pool and a melancholy closing image much like Fitzgerald’s—not “boats against the current,” but a boy and girl in a customized car speeding into the night, unaware of any rough road that lies ahead:

Esmeralda twisted sideways in the oxblood leather seat and grinned at him, pumping her arms to the beat from the stereo speakers, she and Ronnie disappearing down the highway, into the American mythos of gangbangers and youthful lovers and cars that pulsed with music, between hills that had been green and covered with sunlight only an hour ago.

The Tom and Daisy Buchanan of Burke’s story are Earl and Peggy Jean Dietrich, who live in comfortable wealth outside a West Texas town called Deaf Smith, where the novel’s narrator, Billy Bob Holland, works as a lawyer, typically defending clients in the clutches of brutal law enforcement and a dubious legal system. As Burke’s Nick Carraway, he is the one nursing a long smoldering love for an unattainable boyhood sweetheart, Peggy Jean, who left her blue-collar upbringing to marry into money.

Thursday, May 15, 2014

Raymond Chandler, The Long Goodbye (1953)

I’m tempted to write this as a review of a western novel. There are so many threads of connection with the themes of earlier frontier fiction. It even has a county sheriff in it. Set in Los Angeles, circa 1950, it echoes a frequent complaint about the West, that its promise has been betrayed by a get-rich-quick mentality and the hedonistic, materialistic culture it fosters.

Private investigator Philip Marlowe is the last of a dying breed, living by a code of conduct that has him making personal sacrifices for people he respects and unwilling to charge them a fee for his services. Like Monte Walsh, the aging cowboy in Jack Schaeffer’s novel of the same name, he refuses to yield to the forces of change, which have meant the death of a way of life based on honorable values.

Plot. One of those values is the trust to be placed in another man’s friendship, which means doing an unusual favor, no questions asked. Which is how the novel begins, as Marlowe agrees to drive an acquaintance, Terry Lennox, to catch a plane in Tijuana.

Before long, Marlowe becomes far too intimately embroiled in a murder, as the body of Mrs. Lennox turns up quite gruesomely dead. And soon, for reasons he will eventually discover, he is being retained by a book publisher to babysit a novelist, Roger Wade, whose heavy drinking is preventing him from completing the draft of his next bestseller.

Los Angeles, c1950
Character. Bumping up against the rich and powerful, whether a wealthy owner of a newspaper or racketeers with intimidating thugs to do their dirty work, Marlowe is constantly the object of scorn for his lowly profession and his relative poverty. Whether from cops or thugs, which are hard to tell apart, he rarely gets any respect. Before we are long into the novel, he’s doing jail time, as he refuses to cooperate with police efforts to locate Lennox.

Questioned about his ethics, which seem to keep him broke and never far enough out of trouble, he explains to a friendly cop, “I’m a romantic, Bernie. I hear voices crying in the night and I go see what’s the matter. You don’t make a dime that way.”

Thursday, November 14, 2013

Leonardo Padura Fuentes, Adiós Hemingway


This crime fiction novella is a bit of a departure for BITS, but a recent article in NY Times Magazine about its Cuban author got me really curious. Padura Fuentes, a life-long resident of Cuba, has gained an international reputation while steering a middle course between officially approved publication and unofficial.

His police detective, Mario Conde, is a man hardened by his experience on the mean streets of Havana. He has been witness to the aftermath of revolución in Castro’s Cuba, faltering now with the end of Soviet support. Not proud of himself as a cop, he has sunk deeply into disillusionment. What keeps him going is drinking with old friends and a desire to be a writer. In fact, writing—and living in poverty—seems the only honorable use of his energy and intelligence.

Plot. The former Lt. Conde is lured from retirement when the remains of a shooting victim turn up on the grounds of Ernest Hemingway’s residence, Finca Vigía. The place is preserved now as a museum honoring the man who once kept a home in Cuba. Hemingway may even have been living there when the killing took place. The plot thickens as an FBI agent’s badge is found in the grave.

Hemingway at home in Finca Vigía, Havana
Solving a 40-year-old crime is more than a challenge. Conde begins with a boyhood memory of having seen Hemingway shortly before he left Cuba to return to the U.S. To reconstruct the famous writer's last days in Havana, Conde tracks down the few still living who knew him. His sleuthing also takes him to a library and involves snooping through the author’s old papers.

In a parallel storyline, Padura Fuentes cuts from Conde to Papa Hemingway himself on a night in 1958. He is prowling the grounds around his home with a dog and a Tommy gun. It is a place redolent with memories for the aging writer, including a nude swim in the pool with Ava Gardner.

The unraveling of the mystery comes as the two storylines finally converge. Eventually Conde’s hunch-work and skill at interrogation reveals some well-hidden secrets, though they leave him just short of being able to reconstruct the scene of the murder. For that, Padura Fuentes turns back to the fatal night in 1958, and we see how all the floating pieces of the puzzle fit perfectly into a single image. Nicely done.

Monday, October 21, 2013

James D. Best, The Return


You know you’re in good hands with James Best. This new “Steve Dancy Tale” is told with the usual economy, clarity, and attention to detail. Best’s characters are fully three-dimensional and spring to life in a few words of dialogue. Best of all, you enjoy their company.

I like Steve Dancy. He’s an Easterner who has adapted in a few short years to the West, where he has interests in the silver mining town of Leadville, Colorado. He comes with a social pedigree that he never flaunts, and he has grown up the son of a firearms merchant. He has a head for business and is a good judge of character.

He tells his own stories, and Best is one of the best at first-person narration. Dancy is articulate and intelligent, the sort of man who draws similar men to him, so you like his friends, too. They are, as he says, honest and true. In this story, one of those friends is a woman, who offers Dancy some very adult and levelheaded long-term romance.

Leadville, Colorado
Plot. You think this story is going to take place entirely in Leadville, as it sets up the initial conflict. A nasty protection racket has sprung up in town, and one by one the shopkeepers and other places of business are being forced to make weekly cash payment to a gang of thugs. It’s either that or trouble, from broken windows to arson.

Dancy, his friend Jeff Sharp, and their business partner Virginia Barker stir up enough support to stage a protest, and they are joined by six Pinkerton agents from Denver. Soon the thugs are sent packing. And before we know it, Dancy, Sharp, Mrs. Barker, and Captain Joseph McAllen of the Pinkertons are involved in quite another gambit. This one takes them back East.

There, they work as a team of investigators for none other than Thomas Edison. The famous inventor retains them to find out whether a project to bring electric lights to lower Manhattan is being sabotaged by competitors vying to grab up the market for this new technology.

Monday, September 16, 2013

Ann Parker, Silver Lies


Review and interview

Some make a killing while some just get killed in this western mystery set in Leadville, Colorado, during the silver rush of 1879-1880. And the mysteries multiply after the novel’s central character, a saloon owner, finds there’s a body in the frozen mud outside her alley door.

In the pages of this novel, author Ann Parker has persuasively created a whole social world sprung into being by the discovery of silver in the Rocky Mountains. Inez Stannert and her partner, Abe Jackson, keep the beer and whiskey flowing at the Silver Queen for everyone from the silver barons to the Cornish miners who labor underground.

At the novel’s start, Bridgette O’Malley is the cook in the kitchen supplying bread and stew. And on Saturday nights, the town’s leading citizens gather for a game of high-stakes poker, with Inez dealing the cards. However, a third partner in the business, Inez’ husband, has gone missing for most of a year.

Leadville, Colorado, c1880
Plot. The death of an apparently decent and trustworthy assayer is passed off as an accident by the town’s truculent marshal. But it leaves Inez more than a little curious, especially when the man’s office has been broken into and ransacked. Something suspicious is going on in town, and she is determined to find out how it came to have fatal consequences for the assayer.

The mystery deepens as we meet more characters. A newcomer to town, the Reverend J. B. Sands, raises a number of questions as he seems unusually worldly for a man of the cloth. Thoroughly handsome, he is also something of a lady-killer, and Inez finds herself being romanced by the man.

Romance. Male readers unused to romance fiction will find the story shifting into quite another key as Rev. Sands and Inez flirt with intimacy and then yield to it. Love scenes are way different when told from a woman’s point of view. There’s maybe nothing in fiction more revealing of the gender gap.

For one thing, romance emerges from a field of sexual politics in which men are used to dominating and—especially in the frontier West—outnumbering women. Hollis, the town marshal, is an extreme example, openly hostile to women. Sands, by contrast, is a smooth operator, and there’s some question whether his real motives might be sharply at variance with his polished manner.

Intimacy requires both trust and surrender. When it leads to unmet expectations and fear of betrayal, there is a heavy debt of injured pride. That leads to stormy scenes between mismatched lovers, and this novel has its share of them.

Street scene, Leadville
Themes. Injured pride may well have been the title of the novel, as it runs as a theme from beginning to end. Discussing Milton’s Paradise Lost, one character describes the fallen angel, Lucifer, as the victim of it. And injured pride is a condition that sooner or later gets most of the novel’s characters into difficulty, including Inez.

The wintry weather is another constant theme in the novel, as characters trudge through the town’s frozen streets. Snow is forever falling, and we are often reminded of the cost to the hems of full-length skirts as women navigate the sludge and mud-caked walks.

An after-Christmas soiree at one of the town’s hotels offers a welcome reprieve from the weather. The chapters describing this elegant event are a genuine pleasure, from the Eden-like greenery and the invited guests in evening dress to the string quartet enthusiastically mangling Vivaldi and Mozart. For contrast, there’s the overheated and dimly lit interior of the town’s high-class whorehouse.

Snow, Leadville, August 1882
Women. Parker picks as a point of view character a woman who would have the freedom and independence of few other women on the frontier. As a saloon owner, she is freer to mingle with the rougher elements of town and much less constrained by the requirements of respectability.

Still, as a woman, she deals with being openly stared at by ill-mannered men, and she is also vulnerable on the worst streets of town. Thus, she carries firearms, sometimes concealed, sometimes not. For anonymity, she sometimes dresses as a man. This gets her access at night to a whorehouse, where she is in search of information from one of the prostitutes.

She is also not answerable to the most exacting dictates of Victorian morality. Having Abe Jackson, a black man, as a business partner would have raised eyebrows among readers of frontier fiction 100 years ago. Her affair with Rev. Sands would have absolutely shocked them. A married woman tempted to extramarital sex—and with a man of God—would have branded her as a “fallen woman.” The thrills she feels when being touched by him and her awareness of his body in and out of his clothes would have branded her as wanton.

On a scale of relative iniquity, however, Parker places her heroine well above the brazen madam of the town’s classiest “parlor house.” She also ranks above the coolly arch proprietor of yet another whorehouse, in Denver, who smokes cigarettes as she discusses the finer points of her trade and her customers.

Prospectors crossing a stream
Style. The tone is straightforward throughout, with an undercurrent of suspense, as the stakes rise and the threat of malice escalates. Now and again there comes an outburst of graphic violence. In the end, as an element of psychopathology is unmasked and takes over, the violence gets pretty nasty.

The novel has a Dickensian cast of characters, including the surprising appearance of none other than Bat Masterson. There are a couple moments of humor, as when the Rev. Sands enters the saloon and Inez hears the newly hired piano player segue into “What a Friend We Have in Jesus.” And one of her employees, a back-bar flunky named Ulysses, is called “Useless” by everyone.

The mystery itself is densely plotted, and so many unanswered questions and speculations crop up that even a seasoned mystery reader may well feel bewildered. At the end, a life-threatening crisis takes the focus, leaving several details unexplained. Finally, there’s been so much going on that it takes a couple of chapters of denouement to sum it all up, including the romantic subplot.

Wrapping up. Overall, Silver Lies is enjoyable on many levels, particularly for its portrayal of a booming frontier mining town, crawling with life 24 hours of the day. It was first published in 2003 by Poisoned Pen Press and has recently been released as an ebook. It is currently available at amazon and Barnes&Noble for kindle and the nook, also at Powell's Books and Abebooks. You can visit Ann Parker’s website here.

Interview
Ann Parker, Photo by Charles Lucke


Ann Parker has generously agreed to spend some time at BITS today answering questions about the writing of Silver Lies. I'm happy to turn the rest of this post over to her.


Talk about how the idea for this novel suggested itself to you.
Silver Lies, and indeed all the novels that follow, evolved out of a desire to explore this particular area of Colorado—Leadville in particular—during a specific time—the boom years of the Colorado Silver Rush. When I first became interested in this timeframe of Colorado history, we were deep into the dot-com boom here in California, and I was intrigued by the psychological and economic parallels between these particular “get-rich-quick” times of vast enthusiasms and optimism that, to some extent, flies in the face of reality.

Only a few ever rise from rags to riches in any given boom… but many who fall under the spell of overnight success get swept up in the hope that, despite the numbers to the contrary, THEY will be one of the lucky ones. Then, there are the pragmatic types who see the golden opportunity in feeding the dreams… The folks in Leadville, for example, who “mined the miners.”

Did the story come to you all at once or was that a more complex part of the process?
The story evolved as I wrote the first draft. When I pondered the possibility of writing a book, the opening scene came to me in a flash and with a feel in my gut: Here is the beginning. I had no idea why assayer Joe Rose was in such a fix or what he was doing in one of the nastiest back street alleys in Leadville’s red-light district in the darkest hour of a cold winter night, nor who was out to get him.

My writing process… particularly for this first book… was akin to driving in the night with the headlights on. Every chapter I wrote illuminated the next. It wasn’t until the final third of the book that I could see to “the end.” At that point, I grabbed a little yellow sticky note—about two inches square—and scribbled down a handful of key scenes I needed to finish the story. That was as close to an outline as I got for Silver Lies.



Talk a bit about editing and revising. After completing a first draft, did it go through any key changes?
Oh my yes. Since my initial writing process was one of discovery and I wasn’t following a pre-set outline or story arc, my first draft was massive: about 160,000 words (600+ pages). I was told that, for it to be marketable, I had to shrink it down. A lot.

I threw out subplots, stripped out characters that didn’t forward the story, and added another suspect or two (because, despite its length, I really didn’t have enough suspects). I also worked on paring down the language. I tend to be very wordy in my first drafts—channeling the 19th century, perhaps. Even after all this, the end result is still pretty long as far as first novels go: over 110,000 words.

Friday, November 9, 2012

Ross Macdonald, Find a Victim (1954)


California writer Susan Straight recommended this novel recently when discussing writers of the West who deserve being re-read. Crime fiction is a little outside my usual interest here at Buddies in the Saddle, but Straight is a personal favorite (Blacker Than a Thousand Midnights, Between Heaven and Here), so I looked for a copy.

It’s tempting to read this Lew Archer mystery as a western. It has many of the western genre’s elements, though it is set in the mid-twentieth-century. Archer is far from LA, out in the Central Valley headed for Sacramento when he stops for a hitchhiker who is dying of a fatal gunshot wound.

There’s a dusty, hot town in the middle of nowhere, a Stetson-wearing county sheriff, some “rustling” (though of a truckload of booze, not cattle), more gunplay and fistfights, a saloon, assorted Mexicans and Chinese, a shootout, a chase, and a day-trip into the Sierras.

Macdonald’s storytelling style is as spare as the genre western. As the novel’s central character, Archer has the unsentimental attitude of a cowboy hero who has had more than enough of outlaws and being shot at by them. Like the cowboy, Archer is a drifter across a kind of wilderness, where there is no attachment to keep him from moving on when he chooses.

Hitchhiker, Bakersfield, 1940
Where the analogy begins to break down is the sheer complexity of Macdonald’s plot. The story begins with the simple question of who shot the hitchhiker. But as Archer’s curiosity gets him piecing together bits of back-story, there unfolds little by little a miasma of small-town chicanery. The question of who killed the hitchhiker turns into one of what the hell is going on here?

Another difference from the black-and-white world of the western is the many shades of moral turpitude among the men and women Archer meets. Though most remain legally innocent of wrongdoing, all share a degree of culpability, for all have made choices that have led to murderous consequences.

Though I don’t remember reading Macdonald before, I do know Hemingway, who had many imitators among western and crime fiction writers. Here is the novel’s opening paragraph:

He was the ghastliest hitchhiker who ever thumbed me. He rose on his knees in the ditch. His eyes were black holes in his yellow face, his mouth a bright smear of red like a clown’s painted grin. The arm he raised over-balanced him. He fell forward on his face again.

I also immediately found familiar Archer’s frequent morose observations of life’s vicissitudes.

The hospital was visible in the distance, a long white box of a building pierced with lights. Nearer the highway, the lighted screen of an outdoor theater, on which two men were beating each other to the rhythm of passionate music, rose against the night like a giant dream of violence.

San Luis Obispo County, California
Maybe unfairly, the grim tone reminded me of parodies of hard-boiled fiction, dating back to The Firesign Theater’s Nick Danger. A similar deadpan, death’s-head humor lives on today in the wry, tough talk of Elmore Leonard’s Raylan Givens.

Find a Victim surely falls under the heading of “classic” crime fiction. It is enjoyable on lots of levels, from the erotic to the existential. The frequent acknowledgement of women’s breasts would be the recurrent nod to Eros. And Archer himself comments on the perennial companionship of sex and death.

Ross Macdonald
What’s existential is the moral groundlessness of the world Macdonald writes of. Archer and the people he meets are worn down by the failure to make any meaning of the empty lives they live. Archer’s intelligence heightens his awareness of that dilemma. It is also a refuge for him. Less intelligent, damaged, and otherwise compromised people fall by the wayside.

Find a Victim is currently available at amazon and Barnes&Noble, and for kindle and the nook. Used editions can be found cheap at Abebooks. For more of Friday’s Forgotten Books, click on over to Patti Abbott’s blog.


Photo credits: Wikimedia Commons
Ross Macdonald photo from Bantam edition, 1972

Coming up: Saturday music, Carl Perkins

Tuesday, November 6, 2012

Homicide: Life on the Street (1993-1999)


This much-acclaimed police drama ran for seven seasons on NBC in the 1990s. Rarely gaining a notable market share of network audiences and seldom ranking better than #60 in the Nielsen ratings, it continued to air anyway. Set in Baltimore, the entire series was filmed there, its goal to realistically show the daily work life of a department of homicide detectives.

A predecessor of HBO’s The Wire, it was the creation of Barry Levinson, David Simon, and a number of first-rate writers. The cast was nearly perfect, with Richard Belzer, Andre Braugher, Clark Johnson, and YaphEt Kotto in long-running roles. Other fine actors came and went, including three in the cast from the first season: Melissa Leo, Daniel Baldwin, and Ned Beatty.

The show had many guest stars: Lily Tomlin, Marcia Gay Hardin, Steve Buscemi, Vincent D’Onofrio, Alfre Woodard, Charles Durning, David Morse, Chris Rock, Robin Williams, Eric Stolz, James Earl Jones, Peter Gallagher, Geoffrey Wright, Tony LoBianco, and Bruno Kirby. Actors in brief appearances who were still unknown at the time included Elijah Wood, Edie Falco, and a very young Jake Gyllenhaal.

Yaphet Kotto, Lt. Giardello
For my money, the best guest performance was by Paul Giamatti, who played a murder suspect whose father had been attacked and killed by a pair of pit bulls. Giamatti seems callously indifferent to the man’s death, which makes him appear either cold-blooded or mentally deficient. The two detectives on the case are split in their opinion until they tell him his dogs will have to be euthanized. Giamatti’s despairing response not only answers the question, but rips your heart out.

Breaking conventions. The show broke so many conventions of police dramas that you never knew quite what to expect next. Unlike the neat weekly formula of the original Law and Order, the focus was not on finding and then pinning a crime on a perpetrator. While police procedures were part of the story, the show was not a procedural. Often, crimes went unsolved or suspects were allowed to go free for lack of evidence or a confession.

The primary focus was on the daily grind of police work itself and its particularly corrosive effect on homicide detectives. Included in that mix was the presence of political pressure from both internal and external sources and the degree of infighting among the detectives themselves, sometimes playful, usually less so. Domestic troubles were also a recurring theme. The solving of a crime often became a side issue.

Andre Braugher, Det. Pembleton
Themes and threads. A constant theme was the trust that developed or failed to develop between detectives working as partners. There were ongoing disagreements that grew out of the racial politics of a city with a large African-American population. Later in the series, with three female detectives joining the department and a female medical examiner, there were gender issues as well as rocky romantic liaisons.

A thread that dominated two seasons involved the shooting of a drug kingpin and the following cover-up among three detectives. Making the arrest of an arrogantly lawless crime boss they’d been unable to pin a rap on, one of them kills him at a moment when he seems about to surrender. It all gets uncomfortably swept under the rug until the man’s sister declares her intention to take revenge. She claims to have surveillance tapes of the whole incident, which produces a war of nerves extending over several episodes.

Clark Johnson, Det. Lewis
The series also ventured into issues of sexuality as one detective admits that he is bi-curious and accepts a dinner date with a gay man. When this detail is inadvertently disclosed, the rumor mill triggers an outbreak of homophobia within the Police Department. The episodes touch on the cost paid by gay police officers who must stay closeted to keep their jobs.

Style. With the dominant use of handheld cameras, the show had a documentary feel. Documentary filmmaker Barbara Kopple even directed a couple of the episodes. Editing was rough and choppy, deliberately expressive in the use of jump cuts. There was also the trademark use of triple-shots in which we’d see the same moment of action three times in rapid succession. Watching crime shows today, like Homeland, you realize how ponderously slow they can be.

The series cleverly teamed up with Law and Order to produce four two-part stories, one part involving the New York detectives (Jerry Orbach and Benjamin Bratt) and the other the detectives in Baltimore. The show was still going strong in 1999 when it was finally cancelled, the writing and performances as fine as ever.

Monday, July 11, 2011

Crime in early western fiction, cont.

From The Taming of Red Butte Western
Though crime is a common theme in early western fiction, sleuthing and crime solving rarely come into play. Likewise, we rarely get a look into the criminal mind. A story’s focus is almost always on the hero, not the villain.

There are a few interesting exceptions. For examples, let’s look at three novels: Stewart Edward White’s The Westerners (1901), Frank H. Spearman’s Whispering Smith (1906), and Francis Lynde’s The Taming of Red Butte Western (1910). Each has a slant on crime that’s worth a closer look. 

Sociopath. The Westerners would rank as western noir if such a thing existed 110 years ago. The setting is the Dakota Territory of the Old West, and the story takes place mostly in a mining camp called Copper Creek in the Black Hills. The central character is a half-breed by the name of Lafond, who has a hate on for a white man, Billy Knapp, that goes back many years.

For a time, we learn that Lafond “went native,” joining a hostile band of Sioux and taking part in the Battle of Little Bighorn. Returning to the white man’s world, he becomes a successful entrepreneur. He builds a saloon and dancehall franchise, setting up wherever there are mining camps.

He finds Knapp, now a prospector in Copper Creek, and hatches a scheme to take ownership of his mine. Meanwhile, he is busily corrupting the morals of a young white girl, Molly. She believes Lafond is her father. She doesn’t know that he not only kidnapped her as a toddler but killed and scalped her real mother in an Indian raid.

Lafond is drawn as a chilling portrait of a sociopath. His villainy, however, is laid to his mixed blood. He has inherited the worst traits of both races. He meets his end when he is captured by the Sioux tribe he deserted years before. They hold a tribunal during which he is found guilty of a crime he didn’t actually commit. And he is tortured to death.

For the reader, a walk in Lafond’s shoes is a vicarious stroll on the wild side. So far, I have not come across another character study like this one in the early western. Villains do villainous things, but there’s not much curiosity about the criminal mind itself. 

Detectives. The word “detective” in the Old West would have meant men like those of the Pinkerton Agency, hired by railroads and big business to protect their assets. Charles Siringo (1855-1928) and Tom Horn (1860-1903) were Pinkerton agents, infiltrating gangs of rustlers and train robbers and helping to bust unions. Horn also hired out privately to cattlemen’s associations to eliminate cattle thieves without due process.

For a fictional detective, early westerns offer us Frank H. Spearman’s Whispering Smith. Smith is a railroad detective working the Rocky Mountain lines of Wyoming. He hunts down and brings in any outlaws cutting into the company’s profits. These include train robbers and anyone disrupting business or willfully damaging company property. If they resist arrest, he has license to kill.

Because he is lightning fast with a gun, he has a reputation that gives your average lawbreaker an instant case of fear and trembling. He’s also in possession of superior intelligence and razor sharp judgment. Add to that his generous and winning ways with both friends and the ladies, and you have a thoroughly likable hero.

Whispering Smith is a wonderfully complex creation. He got his nickname as a boy, when bouts of laryngitis reduced his voice to a whisper. But it suits him as a man with a dangerous job who brings an enviably deft touch to whatever he does.

While apparently fearless, he knows he has enemies and is aware that his life may be cut short at any moment. Spearman hints that he is a lonely man whose chief compensation is knowing that he does his work well. Meanwhile, he is conscious of its moral ambiguity. He is, after all, a hired gunman, serving the interests of a railway tycoon.